Towards efficient hardware digital twins of lithium-ion batteries

Aging processes in batteries are receiving more and more attention due to the problems they generate in their performance and safety. In this context, mathematical models are especially useful in allowing predictions of the behavior of batteries in the medium and long term and being able to prevent unwanted situations from occurring. However, the accuracy of these predictions depends largely on the battery's usage history, so it would be desirable to have a specific model for each battery that takes that history into account. This could be achieved by building a digital twin for each battery, which would be subjected to the same operating conditions as the battery in real time. This digital twin would allow much more accurate predictions of the battery's status, optimizing its use and opening new possibilities for its reuse in other applications. This article proposes the hardware implementation of a battery model as a first step to obtain digital twins capable of operating in real time, in low-cost and low-consumption reconfigurable devices.