Early detection of faults and stall effects associated to wind farms

Wind turbine generator (WTG) is the most common equipment installed around the world, in the renewable energy field, due to lowest cost compared with solar, hydro and geothermal technologies. The main components are the nacelle, blades, generators, gearbox, pitch system, converters, transformers, tower and yaw system for the normal operation [1]. Our research has an exhaustive analysis of the influence of damages in the blades and the nacelle control in thirteen wind turbine generators, in a real wind farm with information from 2019 and 2020, associated to 2,695,680 operation point with wind velocity, active power, wind direction and yaw angle, with an interesting evaluation of the influence of icing in blades. Besides, this experimental study has demonstrated the reduction of the production until 2.5% in early condition, and 23.8% with the total influence of the blade dynamic impact and deficient yaw control, called stall effect with a real measurement of the lost production. Although the last years, many authors have investigated new ways to improve the detection of failures in this technology, some restrictions have been identified during the evaluation in real conditions.