Production of Ecological Roofing Calamines from Pineapple Bud and Sugarcane Bagasse Residues

The greatest challenge in the world is to deal with the waste generated by different anthropic activities. Many of these wastes are not sent to sanitary landfills or are not reused, causing pollution, bad odors and can even affect people's health. Thus, the main purpose of this research was to produce ecological roofing calamines from pineapple buds and sugarcane bagasse in order to reduce the large amount of organic waste from fruit markets. Three types of calamine were produced with different proportions of pineapple bud and sugarcane bagasse mixture (1:1, 1:2 and 1:3), following the Peruvian technical standard NTP-ISO 9933:1997, and their physical-mechanical properties were determined. The results showed that the fibers of pineapple bud and sugarcane bagasse had humidity percentages of 17.08 and 23.7%, respectively. On the other hand, the ideal proportion of mixture for the elaboration of ecological calamines was 1:2 because it did not show holes and presented less thickness compared to the other proportions. In addition, the physical-mechanical characteristics such as dimensions (width, length, thickness, wave height and wavelength), traction and bending were viable. Finally, it is concluded that organic wastes such as pineapple bud and sugarcane bagasse are a favorable alternative for the production of calamine and could be used as an industrial material.