Sociodemographic and Work-Related Factors Associated with Burnout Syndrome in Healthcare Professionals

Introduction: Burnout syndrome affects healthcare professionals, more frequently and intensively and its prevalence increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: The study aimed to determine the sociodemographic and work-related factors associated with the dimensions of burnout in healthcare personnel from a region in Peru. Methods: A relational study with a cross-sectional predictive design was conducted. The population consisted of 1,844 healthcare professionals from two hospitals in Peru, with a sample of 334 participants aged 22 to 68 years, of both sexes, intentionally selected. A sociodemographic work sheet and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which has adequate psychometric properties in the research context, were applied. Psychometric, descriptive, and inferential analyses were performed. Linear regression analysis tested two models as dependent variables, and each model was assessed using the ANOVA test and the determination coefficient (R2). Results: Regarding emotional exhaustion, the independent models were statistically significant for working condition (R2 = 0.01), marital status (R2 = 0.00), and length of service (R2 = 0.02); in the complete model, the working condition was significant. For depersonalization, only one independent model was statistically significant, gender (R2 = 0.02). Regarding low personal accomplishment, the independent models were significant for gender (R2 = 0.04) and length of service (R2 = 0.03), in the multivariate model only gender was significant. Conclusion: The main factors associated with the etiopathogenesis of burnout (considering its three dimensions), are being female, being hired, shorter length of service (between 6 to 10 years), and cohabiting.